CPT vs. OPT: What postgraduate international students in the U.S. need to know
Getting work authorization in the U.S. can be challenging for international postgraduate students. Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT) are programs that enable international students to gain hands-on experience in their field of study.
Understanding these programs and knowing how they differ is essential for maximizing their benefits and ensuring compliance with immigration regulations. Discover what international postgraduate students like you need to know about CPT and OPT and how to prepare for a successful experience.
Understanding CPT vs. OPT
CPT and OPT offer valuable opportunities for practical work experience, but have different purposes and requirements. CPT is integrated into the curriculum and is typically a required part of some degree programs, such as internships.
OPT, on the other hand, offers more flexibility and allows students to work in their field of study either before or after completing their degree.
Key differences for postgraduates
Combining work experience with academic pursuits is essential for postgraduate students, especially those in research-intensive programs. CPT is particularly helpful as it offers practical experience that directly relates to one’s research or thesis. For example, a Ph.D. student in engineering might use CPT to engage in a research project with a company that complements their dissertation.
Timing and planning
Postgraduate students often have busy schedules with coursework, research and thesis deadlines. Knowing when to apply for CPT and OPT and integrating these programs into your academic plan can make a significant difference. For instance, using Pre-completion OPT during summer breaks or after completing coursework can help balance academic responsibilities and work experience.
Additionally, finding a job that aligns with your CPT or OPT requires time and effort. Start your job search early, allowing yourself plenty of time to secure a position that fits your field of study and career goals. Utilize your university’s career services, attend networking events and reach out to potential employers well in advance to increase your chances of success.
Eligibility and application process
Both CPT and OPT require students to be enrolled full time for at least one academic year. However, postgraduate students might face extra considerations. For example, Ph.D. candidates must ensure their CPT aligns with their dissertation work, while master’s students should confirm that their CPT or OPT does not interfere with their thesis deadlines.
Applying for CPT and OPT involves several steps. For CPT, students need a job offer related to their field of study and must receive approval from their Designated School Official (DSO).
OPT requires an application to the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), which can take several months to process. It’s best to apply for OPT at least three months before you intend to start working to avoid delays.
Postgraduate students must ensure they don’t exceed the authorized work hours and adhere to all reporting requirements. Knowing the rules for CPT and OPT is key to keeping your status safe.
Available resources and support
Most universities offer extensive resources for international students, including career services and workshops on CPT and OPT. These resources can help you with the application process and finding job opportunities.
Additionally, organizations like USCIS (United States Citizenship and Immigration Services), NAFSA (National Association of Foreign Student Advisers) and MPOWER Financing provide valuable information on CPT and OPT. At MPOWER Financing every customer gets free career support, including a guided internship and job search tool for F-1 students. Explore a student loan with MPOWER today and leverage both university and external resources to make your CPT or OPT experience successful.
Final thoughts: CPT vs. OPT
Both CPT and OPT are beneficial for postgraduate international students to gain work experience in the U.S. By understanding the differences, planning effectively and using available resources, students can make the most of these work opportunities. Taking proactive steps to explore and secure CPT and OPT positions can improve your academic and professional journey in the U.S.
